Schulen des Reinen Landes: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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Die Praxis war die Rezitation des Namens '' Amitābha Buddha''(Skt. buddhānusmṛti, [[Nianfo]]) zwecks Wiedergeburt im westlichen [[Reines Land|reinen Land]] Sukhāvatī des [[Amitabha|Amitabha]], welches im  [[Amitabha-Sutra|Amiturdhyana-Sutra]] beschrieben wird.
Die Praxis war die Rezitation des Namens '' Amitābha Buddha''(Skt. buddhānusmṛti, [[Nianfo]]) zwecks Wiedergeburt im westlichen [[Reines Land|reinen Land]] Sukhāvatī des [[Amitabha|Amitabha]], welches im  [[Amitabha-Sutra|Amiturdhyana-Sutra]] beschrieben wird.


Lehre und [[Meditation]] verbreiteten sich schnell in China und wurden von Denkern wie Tanluan, Daochuo und Shandao weiterentwickelt.  
Die Lehre und die [[Meditation]] verbreiteten sich schnell in China, und sie wurden von Denkern wie Tanluan, Daochuo und Shandao weiterentwickelt.  


[[Datei:Hui_Yuan.jpg|150px|thumb|right|Hui Yuan]]
[[Datei:Hui_Yuan.jpg|150px|thumb|right|Hui Yuan]]
== Literatur ==
== Literatur ==
* [http://www3.nccu.edu.tw/~ckeng/doc/Nattier_PureLand.pdf The Indian Roots of Pure Land Buddhism::Insights from the Oldest Chinese Versions of the Larger Sukhavatyvyuha], Jan Nattier
* The [//www.bdk.or.jp/pdf/bdk/digitaldl/dBET_ThreePureLandSutras_2003.pdf 3 pure land sutras]
* The [//www.bdk.or.jp/pdf/bdk/digitaldl/dBET_ThreePureLandSutras_2003.pdf 3 pure land sutras]
* [http://xuanfa.net/buddha-dharma/tripitaka/sutras/pure-land-sutras/ Pure land sutras]
* [http://chingtutsung.yolasite.com/    Pure Land Books]
* [http://chingtutsung.yolasite.com/    Pure Land Books]
* [http://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/pureland.pdf Pureland buddhism] - Patriarch Chih I & Master Thich Thien Tam.  
* [http://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/pureland.pdf Pureland buddhism] - Patriarch Chih I & Master Thich Thien Tam.  
* Hisao Inagaki, Harold Stewart (transl.): The Three Pure Land Sutras, Berkeley: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research 2003. ISBN 1-886439-18-4 [http://www.bdkamerica.org/digital/dBET_ThreePureLandSutras_2003.pdf PDF]
* Hisao Inagaki, Harold Stewart (transl.): The Three Pure Land Sutras, Berkeley: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research 2003. ISBN 1-886439-18-4 [http://www.bdkamerica.org/digital/dBET_ThreePureLandSutras_2003.pdf PDF]
* [//lapislazulitexts.com/tripitaka/T12_0366 Shorter Sukhāvatīvyūha - Sūtra]
* [//lapislazulitexts.com/tripitaka/T12_0366 Shorter Sukhāvatīvyūha - Sūtra]
* [//web.mit.edu/stclair/www/larger.html  Larger Sukhāvatīvyūha - Sūtra]
* [//web.mit.edu/stclair/www/larger.html  Larger Sukhāvatīvyūha - Sūtra]
* [//www.amitabha-gallery.org/pdf/plc/Essence%20of%20the%20Infinite%20Life%20Sutra.pdf ESSENCE OF THE INFINITE LIFE SUTRA]
* [//www.amitabha-gallery.org/pdf/plc/Essence%20of%20the%20Infinite%20Life%20Sutra.pdf ESSENCE OF THE INFINITE LIFE SUTRA]
* [//web.archive.org/web/20100707011447/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-1/08MOC.pdf Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History ]
* [//web.archive.org/web/20100707011447/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-1/08MOC.pdf Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History ]
* [https://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/yin_kuang.pdf Pure land Zen]
* [https://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/yin_kuang.pdf Pure land Zen]
* [https://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/yin_kuang.pdf 3 pure land sutras]
* [https://www.buddhanet.net/pdf_file/yin_kuang.pdf 3 pure land sutras]
* [http://ftp.budaedu.org/ebooks/pdf/EN368.pdf The 5 pure land sutras]
* [http://ftp.budaedu.org/ebooks/pdf/EN368.pdf The 5 pure land sutras]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100707074549/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-3/11MC3.pdf Pure Land Buddhism in China:A Doctrinal History ], Kapitel 2, 3 und 4
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100707074549/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-3/11MC3.pdf Pure Land Buddhism in China:A Doctrinal History ], Kapitel 2, 3 und 4
* [//web.archive.org/web/20100707020301/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-4/13MC4.pdf  Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History , Chapter Five: The Early Pure Land Faith: Southern China, and Chapter Six: The Early Pure Land Faith: Northern China]
* [//web.archive.org/web/20100707020301/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-4/13MC4.pdf  Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History , Chapter Five: The Early Pure Land Faith: Southern China, and Chapter Six: The Early Pure Land Faith: Northern China]
* [[Max Müller|Müller, F. Max]] (trans) Buddhist Mahâyâna Texts Vol.2: The larger Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the smaller Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the Vagrakkedikâ, the larger Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra, the smaller Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra. The Amitâyur dhyâna-sûtra, trans, J. Takakusu. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1894 [http://archive.org/details/buddhistmahy02cowe Pure Land Sutras]
* [[Max Müller|Müller, F. Max]] (trans) Buddhist Mahâyâna Texts Vol.2: The larger Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the smaller Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the Vagrakkedikâ, the larger Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra, the smaller Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra. The Amitâyur dhyâna-sûtra, trans, J. Takakusu. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1894 [http://archive.org/details/buddhistmahy02cowe Pure Land Sutras]
* Shi Wuling: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326200501/http://www.abrc.org.au/eBooks/In%20One%20Lifetime%20Pure%20Land%20Budhism.pdf In one Lifetime: Pure Land Buddhism], Amitabha Publications, Chicago, 2006, ISBN 9781599753577
* Shi Wuling: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326200501/http://www.abrc.org.au/eBooks/In%20One%20Lifetime%20Pure%20Land%20Budhism.pdf In one Lifetime: Pure Land Buddhism], Amitabha Publications, Chicago, 2006, ISBN 9781599753577
* S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,1999. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 1: A General Survey. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 1, S. 91-103. Archived from the [//web.archive.org/web/20100707011447/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-1/08MOC.pdf original]
* S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,1999. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 1: A General Survey. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 1, S. 91-103. Archived from the [//web.archive.org/web/20100707011447/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-1/08MOC.pdf original]
* S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2001. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 2: The Earliest Period; Chapter 3: Hui-yuan of Mt.Lu; and Chapter 4: The Translation of Texts-Spurious Scriptures. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 3, S. 241-275. Archiv des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707074549/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-3/11MC3.pdf Originals]
* S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2001. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 2: The Earliest Period; Chapter 3: Hui-yuan of Mt.Lu; and Chapter 4: The Translation of Texts-Spurious Scriptures. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 3, S. 241-275. Archiv des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707074549/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-3/11MC3.pdf Originals]
* Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2002. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter Five: The Early Pure Land Faith: Southern China, and Chapter Six: The Early Pure Land Faith: Northern China. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 4, S. 259-279. Archive des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707020301/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-4/13MC4.pdf Originals]
* Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2002. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter Five: The Early Pure Land Faith: Southern China, and Chapter Six: The Early Pure Land Faith: Northern China. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 4, S. 259-279. Archive des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707020301/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-4/13MC4.pdf Originals]
* Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden, Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 7: T'an-luan. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 2, 149-165. Archiv des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707044510/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-2/08SM2.pdf Originals]
* Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden, Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 7: T'an-luan. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 2, 149-165. Archiv des [//web.archive.org/web/20100707044510/http://www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj3-2/08SM2.pdf Originals]
* Tanaka, Bibliography of English-language Works on Pure land Buddhism: Primarily 1983-1989, Pacific World Journal, New Series, Number 5, S. 85-99. [//www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj-new/new5/10Tanaka.pdf PDF]
* Tanaka, Bibliography of English-language Works on Pure land Buddhism: Primarily 1983-1989, Pacific World Journal, New Series, Number 5, S. 85-99. [//www.shin-ibs.edu/documents/pwj-new/new5/10Tanaka.pdf PDF]
* [https://books.google.de/books?id=3cX8o3Gf2JQC&pg=PA137&lpg=PA137&dq=sanmei+samadhi Hōnens religiöses Denken: eine Untersuchung zu Strukturen religiöser Erneuerung], Martin Repp, 2005, ISBN: 978-3-447-05017-3 ; S. 137
* [https://books.google.de/books?id=3cX8o3Gf2JQC&pg=PA137&lpg=PA137&dq=sanmei+samadhi Hōnens religiöses Denken: eine Untersuchung zu Strukturen religiöser Erneuerung], Martin Repp, 2005, ISBN: 978-3-447-05017-3 ; S. 137



Aktuelle Version vom 24. März 2019, 15:59 Uhr

Donglin Tempel am Berg Lushan

Die Lehren des reinen Landes des Amitabha (Jingtu zong (chin. 淨土宗, Jìngtǔ zōng, W.-G. Ching-t'u tsung : Schule des Reinen Landes) verbreiteten sich ab dem 5ten Jahrhundert in China mit dem Bau des Donglin Tempels am Mount Lu (Lushan) 386 CE in der Provinz Jiangxi durch den buddhistischen Mönch Huiyuan.
Das Pratyutpanna - Sūtra gilt als ursprüngliche Basis der Praxis des Reinen Landes in China.

Huiyuan war ein Daoist, der nach genaueren Lehren der höchsten Realität suchte. Er wandte sich dem Buddhismus zu und wurde Mönch bei Meister Dao An. 402 n.Chr. veröffentlichte er den Text Warum sich Mönche nicht vor Königen verneigen .

Später gründete er ein Kloster auf dem Mount Lu, wo die Gesellschaft vom Weißen Lotus' gegründet wurde. Diese legte das kurze Sukhāvatīvyūha - Sūtra(Amida Sūtra[1], Chin. Amituo jing, Jpn. Amida kyō) und das längere Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra(Amitābhavyūha Sūtra, Amitāyuḥ Sūtra, Aparimitāyuḥ Sūtra, Sutra des unbegrenzten Lebens) als Hauptsutras fest.

Die Praxis war die Rezitation des Namens Amitābha Buddha(Skt. buddhānusmṛti, Nianfo) zwecks Wiedergeburt im westlichen reinen Land Sukhāvatī des Amitabha, welches im Amiturdhyana-Sutra beschrieben wird.

Die Lehre und die Meditation verbreiteten sich schnell in China, und sie wurden von Denkern wie Tanluan, Daochuo und Shandao weiterentwickelt.

Hui Yuan

Literatur

  • Hisao Inagaki, Harold Stewart (transl.): The Three Pure Land Sutras, Berkeley: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research 2003. ISBN 1-886439-18-4 PDF
  • Müller, F. Max (trans) Buddhist Mahâyâna Texts Vol.2: The larger Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the smaller Sukhâvatî-vyûha, the Vagrakkedikâ, the larger Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra, the smaller Pragñâ-pâramitâ-hridaya-sûtra. The Amitâyur dhyâna-sûtra, trans, J. Takakusu. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1894 Pure Land Sutras
  • S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,1999. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 1: A General Survey. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 1, S. 91-103. Archived from the original
  • S. Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2001. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 2: The Earliest Period; Chapter 3: Hui-yuan of Mt.Lu; and Chapter 4: The Translation of Texts-Spurious Scriptures. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 3, S. 241-275. Archiv des Originals
  • Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden,2002. Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter Five: The Early Pure Land Faith: Southern China, and Chapter Six: The Early Pure Land Faith: Northern China. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 4, S. 259-279. Archive des Originals
  • Mochizuki, Leo M. Pruden, Pure Land Buddhism in China: A Doctrinal History, Chapter 7: T'an-luan. In: Pacific World Journal, Third Series, Number 2, 149-165. Archiv des Originals
  • Tanaka, Bibliography of English-language Works on Pure land Buddhism: Primarily 1983-1989, Pacific World Journal, New Series, Number 5, S. 85-99. PDF

Referenzen

Weblinks